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Mastering the Art of R-Square Calculation: Tips and Techniques

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R-square is the square of R. That’s easy. But what does it really mean, and how do I interpret it?

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What Every SS Practitioner Should Know About R

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You are convinced there is a correlation between your X and Y variables. But, you won’t know for sure until you can establish the strength of the correlation. That’s where R comes in. Let’s learn some more about R. R is the symbol used to represent the strength and direction of correlation between continuous variables. […]

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The Benefits of a Process Management System

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Process management, sometimes referred to as Business Process Management (BPM) is a systematic approach to ensure that your organization’s business processes are aligned in an efficient and effective manner, and aligned with your organization’s strategic goals.  Some of the benefits to having a process management system in place are: Overview: What is process management?  The […]

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Producers Risk

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You can’t be right all the time when making decisions about your process. But, you can manage that risk. Producer’s risk is one of those risks, so let’s learn a little bit more about it.

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Queuing Theory: A Solution for Shorter Lines and Happier Customers

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Have you ever waited in a line at the grocery store or bank? The British term for a line is a queue. Queuing theory is the mathematical study of waiting in line. Let’s learn more about this. The British refer to a line as a queue. Queuing theory is the mathematical study of people, objects […]

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Discover the Magic of Probability: The Ultimate Guide for Beginners

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Have you ever heard someone ask the question, “What’s the odds of that happening?”. Well, that’s the concept of probability. Let’s learn a little more about probability and how it can be used in your organization.  When you start discussing probability with someone else in your organization, you may hear the words deterministic or stochastic. […]

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How to Analyze Quantitative Variables

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In statistics and math there are two types of data: quantitative data and categorical data. A variable that represents quantitative data is called a quantitative variable while a variable representing categorical data is called a categorical variable.  Overview: What is a quantitative variable?  Quantitative data represents values and numbers which can be measured or counted […]

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Parts Per Million (PPM)

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The term parts per million, or PPM, is used in a number of contexts in engineering, chemistry and process improvement. We will focus on the application in continuous or process improvement.

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OSHA: Ensuring Safe and Healthy Work Environments

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Many organizations claim that safety is Job #1. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is an agency in the U.S. Department of Labor which is responsible for ensuring that companies provide safe and healthy work environments for their employees. OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Administration. It is a federal agency of the United […]

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Assessing Process Performance: The Value of Establishing Baselines

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How do you know if your diet is working? You need to start with a baseline and then measure change from that. You should do the same for all your processes. From that process baseline, you can know whether your process is getting better, worse, or not changing. The term “process baseline” typically refers to […]

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The Significance of OEM in Product Manufacturing

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When you want to replace a part in your car, you should ask whether it is OEM or aftermarket. OEM parts will be the same as the part you are replacing. An aftermarket part may be similar but will not be from the same manufacturer or supplier who originally provided the part. Does it matter? […]

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Step-by-Step Guide to Project Selection

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The purpose of Lean Six Sigma is to identify opportunities for improving organizational processes. One of the challenges is the selection of projects for improvement teams to work on. Let’s learn more about how to select impactful projects. Both Lean and Six Sigma projects are used to improve organizational processes. Improvement teams are formed. DMAIC […]

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Noise

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For any process you collect data on, there will be a signal and some noise. Unfortunately, if the noise is loud enough, it will drown out your signal. Let’s see what we mean by noise and how we can mitigate its impact.

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How to Use the P-Value to Evaluate Your Data and Draw Conclusions

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Is there a real difference between machines? Did what I changed really help? Does a relationship really exist between temperature and pressure? The answers to these questions and others can be provided by the p-value.

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Using Paired T-Tests for Controlled Analysis

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A paired t-test is a form of a two-sample t-test used in hypothesis testing. It is useful for answering questions about any significant differences for before and after comparisons. 

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Ordinal Data

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If you have categorical or descriptive data that has a natural order, sequence, or preference, it would be defined as ordinal data. Since ordinal data is one of four common types of data, you should understand what it is and how you can use it.

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Mastering Positive Correlation Analysis: Tools and Techniques

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Correlation is a statistical term of the relationship between two variables. You can have a negative correlation, positive correlation, or no correlation. Let’s see what a positive correlation is all about.

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Common Non-Parametric Tests and Their Applications

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Several statistical tests have underlying assumptions of a specific type of distribution which is required for the test results to be valid. But what if your data distribution does not meet that assumption? A non-parametric test might help. There are several hypothesis tests which assume your data has a specific distribution. For example, a 2-sample […]

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Ordinal vs. Nominal Data: Which One Should You Choose?

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When you have categorical data with a natural order or preference, you can call that ordinal data. When you describe data, you must first distinguish whether you are talking about numerical or categorical data. This is important for the proper selection and use of statistical and analytical tools. Categorical data is a type of data that […]

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One Piece Flow

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Companies love their batch flow processes. But, a one-piece flow might be a more efficient approach to producing your products. Let’s learn a bit more about one-piece flow.

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categorical vs. continuous data

Making the Most of Outliers: Leveraging Insights for Improvement

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An outlier in the context of statistics means a value in your data set is significantly different from the other values. This might be a good or bad thing depending on the situation.

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Step-by-Step Guide to Understanding and Using Multiple Regression in Your Research

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If you are trying to predict the outcome of a dependent variable by analyzing the relationship with several independent variables, then multiple regression may be your statistical tool of choice. Let’s examine multiple regression in more detail. Multiple regression is a statistical technique that allows you to analyze the relationship between a dependent variable and […]

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Leptokurtic Distribution

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Sometimes your data isn’t a normal distribution. Sometimes, the curve is taller or shorter than the normal distribution. Is that a problem? We can answer that question by learning a little bit more about kurtosis and the leptokurtic distribution.

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Lean Manufacturing: Improving Quality and Reducing Costs

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Lean manufacturing seeks to get rid of the extra fat and waste in your process while seeking to build muscle in your production processes. Let’s see how.

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